The paper presents the results of a two-year trial with two different tillage systems in potato cultivation in Croatia. The tillage systems compared were the conventional system (ploughing, disc harrowing, and seedbed preparation) and the conservation system (including tillage with chisel plough and rototiller). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of tillage systems on the yield of four different potato cultivars (Arizona, Masai, Prada and Red Lady) as well as the fuel and working time required for tillage. Both trial potato growing seasons were characterized by drought and high temperatures, which led to significantly lower yields compared to the Croatian average. In these unfavourable conditions, the application of the conservation tillage system resulted in significantly higher potato yields in both experimental seasons (P < 0.05), except for the cultivar Masai in 2021, with an average yield increase of 4.57% in 2021 and 6.42% in 2022 compared to the conventional system. The use of a chisel plough instead of a mouldboard plough in primary tillage contributed to fuel savings of 16.36% in 2021 and 22.33% in 2022. The conservation tillage system required around 30% less working time in comparison to conventional tillage system. These results indicate the advantages of the conservation tillage system, both in energy requirement and in the working time, with higher yields in both researched years.