Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, Vol 89, No 2 (2024)

Efficacy of Biorational and Synthetic Insecticides on Busseola fusca (Fuller, 1901) on Maize in Nigeria's Southern Guinea Agro-Ecological Zone

Lukman I. GAMBARI, Raymond U. AKOR, Onyi ECHAMI, Stephanie N. AJUU, Samuel F. BABATUNDE

Pages: 145-150

Summary


 

In 2021 and 2022, two field studies were carried out to determine the effects of botanicals and synthetic pesticides on maize stemborer, Busseola fusca (Fuller, 1901). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The botanical extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Moringa oleifera Lam., and Citrus × sinensis (L.) Osbeck) was formulated using water as a solvent. Phytochemical analysis was carried out on the extract with the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids, anthraquinones, and saponins. In the 2021 planting season the experiment recorded high efficacy of A. indica extract on larvae of B. fusca population of 4.33 and untreated plots having the highest number of infestations of 10.00. Among the botanicals, M. oleifera extract underperformed compared to A. indica in the two-planting seasons. The yield output of A. indica outperformed the two botanicals in the two-planting season with 4.70 t ha-1 and 4.53 t ha-1 in 2021 and 2022 planting seasons respectively, while M. oleifera had the lowest yield with the untreated plot with 3.22 and 3.01 t ha-1 therein with a lowest yield. These findings indicate that botanical formulations of various plant components may be useful for the control of stem borer populations on maize.

 


Keywords


Azadirachta indica, Botanical, Busseola fusca, Moringa oleifera

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